Oracle DBA Scripts

Using the oracle-validated RPM to install Oracle 11g on Linux

When we try to install Oracle 11g on Linux, in most cases  We find that the OUI either reports that some packages are missing (typically unixODBC or libaio) or some kernel parameters are not appropriately set. In this case however, we download and install an RPM package called oracle-validated and the oracle-validated RPM does a number of things for us.

It creates the user oracle

It creates the groups oinstall and dba

It modifies the kernel parameters in /etc/sysctl.conf

It sets the hard and soft shell resource limits in /etc/security/limits.conf

And most importantly, downloads and installs number of packages which are required for the Oracle 11g database software installation while resolving the dependencies between the packages as well

Note that the oracle-validated RPM package is accessible through the Oracle Unbreakable Linux Network (ULN) which requires a support contract or from the Oracle public yum repository.
First we needed to configure the Linux machine to be able to connect to the internet using the corporate proxy and we did this by editing the /etc/profile.d/proxy.sh file with some environment variables like FTP_PROXY and HTTP_PROXY
export http_proxy=http://test-apache-001-dev.corporateict.domain:8123/
export ftp_proxy=http://test-apache-001-dev.corporateict.domain:8123/
export no_proxy=.corporateict.domain
export HTTP_PROXY=http://test-apache-001-dev.corporateict.domain:8123/
export FTP_PROXY=http://test-apache-001-dev.corporateict.domain:8123/
Login once again as root to invoke the changes made to the environment.
We then use wget to download the file which has the repository locations
[root@kens-orasql-001 yum.repos.d]# wget http://public-yum.oracle.com/public-yum-el5.repo
We have to update this file and change the line enabled=0 to enabled=1 for the tag which is appropriate to our Linux version – in our case we were using OEL 5.7 so we have to update these lines:
Change
[ol5_u7_base]
name=Oracle Linux $releasever – U7 – $basearch – base
baseurl=http://public-yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL5/7/base/$basearch/
gpgkey=http://public-yum.oracle.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle-el5
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
to
[ol5_u7_base]
name=Oracle Linux $releasever – U7 – $basearch – base
baseurl=http://public-yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL5/7/base/$basearch/
gpgkey=http://public-yum.oracle.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle-el5
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
We then ran a yum update followed by the yum install oracle-validated

[root@kens-orasql-002 yum.repos.d]# yum update
Loaded plugins: rhnplugin, security
This system is not registered with ULN.
ULN support will be disabled.
ol5_u7_base                                                                                                                                    | 1.1 kB     00:00
ol5_u7_base/primary                                                                                                                            | 1.5 MB     00:07
ol5_u7_base                                                                                                                                                 4605/4605
Skipping security plugin, no data
Setting up Update Process
No Packages marked for Update

[root@kens-orasql-002 yum.repos.d]# yum install oracle-validated
Loaded plugins: rhnplugin, security
This system is not registered with ULN.
ULN support will be disabled.
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package oracle-validated.x86_64 0:1.1.0-14.el5 set to be updated
--> Processing Dependency: kernel-uek >= 2.6.32 for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: libXp.so.6 for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: /usr/lib/libodbccr.so for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: /usr/lib64/libodbccr.so for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: unixODBC-devel for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: libaio-devel for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: sysstat for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: /usr/lib64/libaio.so for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: /usr/lib/libodbc.so.1 for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: /usr/lib/libaio.so for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: compat-gcc-34-c++ for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: compat-gcc-34 for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: libdb-4.2.so()(64bit) for package: oracle-validated
--> Processing Dependency: libodbc.so.1()(64bit) for package: oracle-validated
--> Running transaction check
---> Package compat-db.x86_64 0:4.2.52-5.1 set to be updated
---> Package compat-gcc-34.x86_64 0:3.4.6-4.1 set to be updated
---> Package compat-gcc-34-c++.x86_64 0:3.4.6-4.1 set to be updated
---> Package kernel-uek.x86_64 0:2.6.32-200.13.1.el5uek set to be installed
--> Processing Dependency: kernel-firmware >= 2.6.32-200.13.1.el5uek for package: kernel-uek
---> Package libXp.i386 0:1.0.0-8.1.el5 set to be updated
---> Package libaio-devel.i386 0:0.3.106-5 set to be updated
---> Package libaio-devel.x86_64 0:0.3.106-5 set to be updated
---> Package sysstat.x86_64 0:7.0.2-11.el5 set to be updated
---> Package unixODBC.i386 0:2.2.11-7.1 set to be updated
---> Package unixODBC.x86_64 0:2.2.11-7.1 set to be updated
---> Package unixODBC-devel.i386 0:2.2.11-7.1 set to be updated
---> Package unixODBC-devel.x86_64 0:2.2.11-7.1 set to be updated
--> Running transaction check
---> Package kernel-uek-firmware.noarch 0:2.6.32-200.13.1.el5uek set to be updated
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

======================================================================================================================================================================
Package                                     Arch                           Version                                         Repository                           Size
======================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
oracle-validated                            x86_64                         1.1.0-14.el5                                    ol5_u7_base                          24 k
Installing for dependencies:
compat-db                                   x86_64                         4.2.52-5.1                                      ol5_u7_base                         1.6 M
compat-gcc-34                               x86_64                         3.4.6-4.1                                       ol5_u7_base                         4.3 M
compat-gcc-34-c++                           x86_64                         3.4.6-4.1                                       ol5_u7_base                          13 M
kernel-uek                                  x86_64                         2.6.32-200.13.1.el5uek                          ol5_u7_base                          25 M
kernel-uek-firmware                         noarch                         2.6.32-200.13.1.el5uek                          ol5_u7_base                         2.5 M
libXp                                       i386                           1.0.0-8.1.el5                                   ol5_u7_base                          22 k
libaio-devel                                i386                           0.3.106-5                                       ol5_u7_base                          12 k
libaio-devel                                x86_64                         0.3.106-5                                       ol5_u7_base                          11 k
sysstat                                     x86_64                         7.0.2-11.el5                                    ol5_u7_base                         187 k
unixODBC                                    i386                           2.2.11-7.1                                      ol5_u7_base                         830 k
unixODBC                                    x86_64                         2.2.11-7.1                                      ol5_u7_base                         835 k
unixODBC-devel                              i386                           2.2.11-7.1                                      ol5_u7_base                         743 k
unixODBC-devel                              x86_64                         2.2.11-7.1                                      ol5_u7_base                         799 k

Transaction Summary
======================================================================================================================================================================
Install      14 Package(s)
Upgrade       0 Package(s)

Total size: 50 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
warning: rpmts_HdrFromFdno: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 1e5e0159
ol5_u7_base/gpgkey                                                                                                                             | 1.4 kB     00:00
Importing GPG key 0x1E5E0159 "Oracle OSS group (Open Source Software group) " from http://public-yum.oracle.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle-el5
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Finished Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
  Installing     : unixODBC                                                                                                                                      1/14
  Installing     : compat-gcc-34                                                                                                                                 2/14
  Installing     : sysstat                                                                                                                                       3/14
  Installing     : compat-db                                                                                                                                     4/14
  Installing     : unixODBC                                                                                                                                      5/14
  Installing     : unixODBC-devel                                                                                                                                6/14
  Installing     : unixODBC-devel                                                                                                                                7/14
  Installing     : libaio-devel                                                                                                                                  8/14
  Installing     : libaio-devel                                                                                                                                  9/14
  Installing     : kernel-uek-firmware                                                                                                                          10/14
  Installing     : libXp                                                                                                                                        11/14
  Installing     : compat-gcc-34-c++                                                                                                                            12/14
Change references of /dev/hd in /etc/fstab to disk label
  Installing     : kernel-uek                                                                                                                                   13/14
WARNING: No module ehci-hcd found for kernel 2.6.32-200.13.1.el5uek, continuing anyway
WARNING: No module ohci-hcd found for kernel 2.6.32-200.13.1.el5uek, continuing anyway
WARNING: No module uhci-hcd found for kernel 2.6.32-200.13.1.el5uek, continuing anyway
  Installing     : oracle-validated                                                                                                                             14/14

Installed:
  oracle-validated.x86_64 0:1.1.0-14.el5

Dependency Installed:
  compat-db.x86_64 0:4.2.52-5.1                         compat-gcc-34.x86_64 0:3.4.6-4.1                               compat-gcc-34-c++.x86_64 0:3.4.6-4.1
  kernel-uek.x86_64 0:2.6.32-200.13.1.el5uek            kernel-uek-firmware.noarch 0:2.6.32-200.13.1.el5uek            libXp.i386 0:1.0.0-8.1.el5
  libaio-devel.i386 0:0.3.106-5                         libaio-devel.x86_64 0:0.3.106-5                                sysstat.x86_64 0:7.0.2-11.el5
  unixODBC.i386 0:2.2.11-7.1                            unixODBC.x86_64 0:2.2.11-7.1                                   unixODBC-devel.i386 0:2.2.11-7.1
  unixODBC-devel.x86_64 0:2.2.11-7.1

Complete!
[root@kens-orasql-002 yum.repos.d]#

We can see that the oracle-validated RPM has been installed.

[root@kens-orasql-001 yum.repos.d]# rpm -qa |grep oracle-valid
oracle-validated-1.1.0-14.el5

We can also check and see that the user and groups have been created as well.

[root@kens-orasql-001 yum.repos.d]# cat /etc/passwd |grep oracle

oracle:x:54321:54321::/home/oracle:/bin/bash

[root@kens-orasql-001 yum.repos.d]# cat /etc/group |grep dba 
dba:x:54322:oracle

It has also updated the /etc/security/limits.conf file

[root@kens-orasql-001 yum.repos.d]# cat /etc/security/limits.conf

# Oracle-Validated setting for nofile soft limit is 131072
oracle   soft   nofile    131072

# Oracle-Validated setting for nofile hard limit is 131072
oracle   hard   nofile    131072

# Oracle-Validated setting for nproc soft limit is 131072
oracle   soft   nproc    131072

# Oracle-Validated setting for nproc hard limit is 131072
oracle   hard   nproc    131072

# Oracle-Validated setting for core soft limit is unlimited
oracle   soft   core    unlimited

# Oracle-Validated setting for core hard limit is unlimited
oracle   hard   core    unlimited

# Oracle-Validated setting for memlock soft limit is 50000000
oracle   soft   memlock    50000000

# Oracle-Validated setting for memlock hard limit is 50000000
oracle   hard   memlock    50000000

Finally, we can see that the /etc/sysctl.conf has been updated as well with some “Oracle-Validated” settings.

# For 11g, Oracle-Validated setting for fs.file-max is 6815744
# For 10g, uncomment 'fs.file-max = 327679', and comment 'fs.file-max = 6553600' entry and re-run sysctl -p
# fs.file-max = 327679
fs.file-max = 6815744

# Oracle-Validated setting for kernel.msgmni is 2878
kernel.msgmni = 2878

# Oracle-Validated setting for kernel.msgmax is 8192
kernel.msgmax = 8192

# Oracle-Validated setting for kernel.msgmnb is 65536
kernel.msgmnb = 65536

# Oracle-Validated setting for kernel.sem is '250 32000 100 142'
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 142

# Oracle-Validated setting for kernel.shmmni is 4096
kernel.shmmni = 4096

# Oracle-Validated setting for kernel.shmall is 1073741824
kernel.shmall = 1073741824

# Oracle-Validated setting for kernel.shmmax is 4398046511104 on x86_64 and 4294967295 on i386 architecture. Refer Note id 567506.1
kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104

# Oracle-Validated setting for kernel.sysrq is 1
kernel.sysrq = 1

# Oracle-Validated setting for net.core.rmem_default is 262144
net.core.rmem_default = 262144

# For 11g, Oracle-Validated setting for net.core.rmem_max is 4194304
# For 10g, uncomment 'net.core.rmem_max = 2097152', comment 'net.core.rmem_max = 4194304' entry and re-run sysctl -p
# net.core.rmem_max = 2097152
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

# Oracle-Validated setting for net.core.wmem_default is 262144
net.core.wmem_default = 262144

# For 11g, Oracle-Validated setting for net.core.wmem_max is 1048576
# For 10g, uncomment 'net.core.wmem_max = 262144', comment 'net.core.wmem_max = 1048576' entry for this parameter and re-run sysctl -p
# net.core.wmem_max = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

# Oracle-Validated setting for fs.aio-max-nr is 3145728
fs.aio-max-nr = 3145728

# For 11g, Oracle-Validated setting for net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range is 9000 65500
# For 10g, uncomment 'net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000', comment 'net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500' entry and re-run sysctl -p
# net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

# Oracle-Validated setting for vm.min_free_kbytes is 51200 to avoid OOM killer
vm.min_free_kbytes = 51200

HAPPY LEARNING!